Compressive Properties
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ASTM D695, ISO 604
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Scope:
Compressive properties describe the behavior of a material when it is subjected to a compressive load. Loading is at a relatively low and uniform rate. Compressive strength and modulus are the two most common values produced.
Test Procedure:
The specimen is placed between compressive plates parallel to the surface. The specimen is then compressed at a uniform rate. The maximum load is recorded along with stress-strain data. An extensometer attached to the front of the fixture is used to determine modulus.
Specimen size:
Specimens can either be blocks or cylinders. For ASTM, the typical blocks are 12.7 x 12.7 x 25.4mm (½ by ½ by 1 in). and the cylinders are 12.7mm (½ in) in diameter and 25.4mm (1 in) long. For ISO, the preferred specimens are 50 x 10 x 4mm for modulus and 10 x 10 x 4mm for strength.
Data:
Compressive strength and modulus are two useful calculations.
Compressive strength =
maximum compressive load
minimum cross-sectional area
Compressive modulus =
change in stress
change in strain
Equipment Used:
Instron Universal Tester
Compression fixture
Extensometer
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